The Maori Jesus

On one level this text appears to be about how Maori culture has been lobotomized by the dominant Pakeha culture. However, quickly it seems that Maori culture is representative of anything which counters the dominant culture of society. Like the Maori Jesus anything which threatens the status quo is is repressed and shutdown.

Any idea that threatens the dominant establishment is shutdown and repressed quickly. This is shown in the poem when the author, James K baxter writes “I am the Light in the Void... The seventh day he was lobotomized; The brain of God was cut in half .” The author use of the word “light” represents change and new idea for filling the darkness in the dominant society's culture. The dominant society repression is show when the Maori Jesus is “lobotomized” for trying to put new ideas in the establishment. The Maori jesus idea were great, this is shown by the author using the word “God” to describe him. This is important because it shows us that the dominant society is oblivious to the other society's ideas and opinions.

People feel like they must question themselves when not part of the dominant society. This is shown when the Maori Jesus says “I am who I am.” This shows us that for whatever the Maori Jesus does he feels like he must justify his actions to everybody. He feels like he must explain himself because he is not part of the dominant society. This is important because it shows the potential harm that can emotionally affect the lesser society and make them try to merge in the normal society.

Ideas are shut down very quickly in establishments because it threatens them despite the normality. This is show when the author writes “He played the guitar sitting on the ground... The first day he was arrested.” This shows us that new idea are shut down quickly “He played sitting on the ground” shows us that he is just a normal human being that has his own ideas and it shut down for threatening them with new ideas. This shutdown is shown by hum getting arrested. This is important because it show us that good ideas could just being passing through our minds but we might not be listening to them because we are blinded by our own society.

This topic is important to us because it affects us in of everyday lives with all the ethnic group we are now exposed to it important to to be self centred and it is important to be humble to everybody.

“I am the Light in the Void... The seventh day he was lobotomized; The brain of God was cut in half .”

“He played the guitar sitting on the ground... The first day he was arrested.”

“I am who I am.”

“On one level this text appears to be about how Maori culture has been lobotomized by the dominant Pakeha culture. However, quickly it seems that Maori culture is representative of anything which counters the dominant culture of society. Like the Maori Jesus anything which threatens the status quo is is repressed and shutdown. “

Hami Grace

Thomas Marshall Percy Grace

(Hami Grace)

Hami Grace is a well known New Zealand Maori soldier whose most famous actions were at Gallipoli in 1915.

On 13 August 1914 Hami enrolled in the army, just six days after New Zealand joined Britain in the war. On the 16^th October 1914 he had set sail on the Main Contingent which landed him in Alexandria, Egypt.

From there he was sent to Gallipoli and arrived on the 26^th of April. He was the leader of an elite team of snipers. He recruited the best marksmen from the Wellington Regiment and before dawn they would all go out in groups of two and wait for Turkish snipers to show up. The Turkish snipers at the time were killing 72 soldiers a day, when the men were passing through the valley from the beach (ANZAC Cove) to Quinn’s Post. Hami and his team’s efforts reduced this number to less then ten a day.

“Grace’s snipers, posted throughout the valley, placed a barrier as impenetrable as any earthwork between the traffic in Monash Valley and the Turks whose trenches overlooked it… They were an elite band..’you got that good you could shoot the left eye out of a fly.’"

- Gallipoli, the New Zealand story: Christopher Pugsley

After his success with the Turkish snipers Hami Grace was sent up to Chunk Bair where he died on the 8^th of August 1915 with a stray bullet through his head after surviving the initial advance. He has no known grave and was 25 when he died.

Wellington College and New Zealand Life

Hami Grace was a well accomplished sportsman at Wellington College. He was in the XV rugby team and he was the captain of the XI crick team. He was a great bowler and his figures at the time are some of the best even to this day. Hami Grace was also in the Wellington College Shooting Team at the time.

After leaving Wellington College he continued to play rugby under the WCOB club. He was the star player at the time and showed great devotion to the school and club. When the Senior A team was relegated and players were switching clubs Hami stayed until the outbreak of war.

Before the war, Hami Grace was a civil servant and worked for the Daily Telegraph. He is the son of Lawrence Marshall Grace and Henerieta Kahui Grace. He lived at 99 Coromandel St Newtown.

How Wellington College Prepared its Old Boy’s For War?

From the start of their education Wellington College Old Boys were trained to be good soldiers. From year 9 there was a Cadet Day at Wellington College to train year 9’s on gun and fighting. This training had been going at the college since 1840. The first week of schooling was devoted to war. It was compulsory and you could have cadet training on Tuesday and Thursday weekly if you wanted.

Certificate for bayoneting training at Lyall Bay

Wellington College also prepared an annual camp for cadets as well as training over the school holidays for keen cadets.

The Wellington College role during the war

Wellington College raised morale for the WCOB’s at war. J.P. Firth (the headmaster) aimed to write a personal letter to each individual old boy who enlisted. He was fairly successful and many old boys replied. He also sent letters to the all families of the 222 old boys that died in WWI.

Wellington College felt so much commitment to the war overseas that they arranged many fundraisers. Ones of these was the Belgium fund where they raised over $300,000 in today’s money. They used one of the schools sports grounds to grow potatoes for the fund as well as school dances and baking. Wellington College also raised money to build a memorial hall for the school.

Wellington College Cadets also guarded the wharfs in Wellington Harbor when some boats left for the trenches.

Many teachers also went to war from Wellington College and many old boys returned to the school to make speeches
.

Hitler and the Nazi Party

Hitler and the Nazi Party

Government and Law Assignment

Tim Armstrong

How Did Hitler Rise To Power?

Hitler’s political career started 1920’s when he joined a political party that would later become the Nazi Party.  Hitler was sent to prison for trying to over throw the government when taking to the streets. He was sentenced to five years but only served eight months. In prison he plotted his plan to take over the Nazi Party.

 Hitler was one of the best speakers of the party and he asked other party members to make him leader. Hitler showed very good political knowledge and was made head of propaganda in 1920.

Hitler was such a good political speaker that by the end of the year the party membership numbers reached 2,000 by the end of the year from 117 the previous year.

In 1928 the party only has 12 seats which was only 2.8% of the vote. With such as poor result, Hitler decided to write a second book to better describe his goals to the German public. At the end of that same year the party membership numbers had reached 130 000.  In 1931 street fights and violence were becoming increasingly common. Inflation was high and Hitler saw this as the perfect time to seize control of Germany. In the next election Hitler had 13 million votes but this was not enough to take control of Germany so he had to strike an agreement with another leader and form two parts of the party.

Shortly after this Hitler got the power of the military on his side and organise the killing of many political powers on both sides to make way for himself as leader. This was known as the night of the long knives. The army killed over 70 men on the condition that they would have control over a certain section of the power.

Surprisingly Hitler did not try to cover this up and made a public speech on why he had done it and the army applauded despite some of their men also being killed.

Hitler became the dictator of Germany in 1933.

Important People In Hitler’s Campaign

Joseph Goebbels

Goebbels was a German politician is famous for his role in Hitler’s Campaign. He was the minister of propaganda for Hitler and was well known for his speaking and anti-semitism beliefs. Goebbels was also a big organiser of attacks on Jews throughout his time with Hitler. He helped organise the first attack which was a boycott of Jewish businessmen, doctors, and lawyers.

Goebbels joined the party at 27 (1924) once Hitler had been imprisoned. However once Hitler’s power had been firmly established Goebbels wanted to leave the party but Hitler wouldn’t let him. After a series of events Goebbels attempted suicide but failed. Goebbels was originally a poor man but using the Nazi Party he had made lots of money due to the corruption in the Nazi Party.

Heinrich Himmler

Himmler was the leader of the SS and was high within the military and Hitler’s ranks. He also saw himself as part of the police.

He overlooked concentration camps and extermination camps and killed over 6 million Jews and many prisoners of war.

Important Places in Hitler’s Campaign

Führer Headquarters

The FHQ was one of the headquarters for the Nazi WW2 operation with Adolf Hitler and many other German generals and commanders also visiting and using it. Hitler actually spent very little time in Berlin so this location was mainly used by commanders. It was fully operational there would have been guards, bunkers, safety rooms and offices.

Führerbunker

This location is one of the most famous throughout Hitler’s campaign because it is where the Nazi operation was run from for the last week of the war. It is also where Hitler and his wife of only 40 hours committed suicide together when the enemy was 500 metres away.

Wolf's Lair

Wolf's Lair was one of Hitler’s most visited compounds. It was located on the eastern front and was built in the middle of a forest for protection. Hitler in total spent about 800 days at that compound. Hitler left 2 days before the complex was going to be destroyed by the enemy.  Wolf's Lair was also a location of a Hitler assassination attempt where a bomb was put inside a brief case in a room where Hitler and his generals were meeting. Hitler survived because one of his generals moved the brief case to the other side of the table because it was in his way.

Nazi Political Propaganda

Adolf Hitler knew the power of good propaganda and decided that Joseph Goebbels would lead it. The purpose of propaganda is to make your party look superior to others and to convince the public that you are doing the right thing and that they should vote for you or let you do it. Propaganda is also meant to block out any bad stuff said about the party. This is exactly what Joseph Goebbels did. 

Hitler controlled the media and if you wanted to make art, music, radio, film or newspaper articles you had to agree to the Nazi Party terms and conditions or there would be severe punishments. There was a system of censorship in place everything you read or heard about the Nazi Party was what they wanted you to hear. Everything was tightly controlled and a lot of the public generally believed it.

Hitler was also good at getting his message out. Goebbels and Hitler made cheap radios available for sale so everyone could hear him. Big speakers were installed on the street and cafes and other such places were ordered to play his speeches.

Important Events

Enabling Act

The enabling act of 1933 was very helpful to Hitler as it made him a dictator. It enabled him to pass laws without having to involve the Reichstag. The act was to only law four years but it was renewed twice.

Invasion of Poland

The Invasion of Poland was very much the start of WW2 and WW2 would be the biggest war in the history of the world involving 100 million military men and women. Once Poland was invaded France declared war on Germany and subsequently the most of the British Empire and Commonwealth were involved.

Beer Hall Putsch

The Beer Hall Putsch was an attempt at revolution which occurred on the 8^th and 9^th of November 1923. Hitler and others tried to seize power in Munich, Bavaria and Germany. The attempt failed when the police started shooting at people and Hitler was forced to leave with everyone else. Hitler was sentenced to five years but only served eight months.

Mein Kampf

Mein Kampf was Hitler’s first book and was an autobiography as well as his political ideology. The book was written from his cell in Germany where he was serving his five years. The book had sold 240,000 copies by 1933 and 10 million by the end of the war.

How Hitler’s Rise to Power Affected People’s Lives.

As evil as Hitler may be, his political tactics were very good. Throughout the war his propaganda had many people convinced what was really happening outside Germany. The tight media control had people believe what Hitler said.

Hitler would use people in positions of power and then get them on his side. Once he had enough support internally he would simply say that your services were no longer need and you would be out. He undermined many people of strong political and social power causing him to have good links when the war broke out.

Bibliography

Mein Kampf. (2011, September 7). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:31, September 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mein_Kampf&oldid=448925089

Beer Hall Putsch. (2011, September 6). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:27, September 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beer_Hall_Putsch&oldid=448802715

World War II. (2011, September 7). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:21, September 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=World_War_II&oldid=448958559

Enabling Act of 1933. (2011, August 10). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:15, September 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Enabling_Act_of_1933&oldid=443992658

Führerbunker. (2011, September 2). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:07, September 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=F%C3%BChrerbunker&oldid=448057977

Wolf's Lair. (2011, August 28). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:05, September 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wolf%27s_Lair&oldid=447158965

Führer Headquarters. (2011, September 2). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 07:11, September 8, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=F%C3%BChrer_Headquarters&oldid=448051603

Joseph Goebbels. (n.d.). Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 08, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels

Night of the Long Knives. (n.d.). Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 07, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives

1933, M. (n.d.). Propaganda in Nazi Germany. History Learning Site. Retrieved September 06, 2011, from http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/propaganda_in_nazi_germany.htm

W. (n.d.). Adolf Hitler's rise to power. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 04, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler's_rise_to_power

Gallipoli Time Line

1	The Plan The reason for capturing the straights was the ability to send supplies through the Dardanelles into Russia where they were desperately needed. The Gallipoli would be hard to capture because of the high cliffs and guns. The plan for the ANZACS was for them to stop supplies getting through to the Turks that were defending the Dardanelles by cutting the bottom half off so that the British could defeat the Turks quicker.
2	The Landing April 25th The troops landed on the wrong beach. 1.4 kilometers north of their intended location. The Ottoman Empire was not expecting them to land on this beach simply because of its terrain so there was only a few units of men their to defend it at the start.
3	Attacks May 18th The Turkish Army launches a massive attack on Anzacs but repulse after 10,000 casualties.
4	Burial May 22 – 24 Negotiations are maybe to have armistice in order to clear the bodies from no mans land. This  armistice lasts several hours and the Turkish and Anzacs are buried.
5	Chunuk Bair August 6th The battle that lasts for six days commences. The Australian captures Turkish trenches and reaches the summit before losing it. The Indians and British also attack.
6	Evacuation December 7th Orders are sent to evacuate Gallipoli and on December 20th the last remaining units are evacuated. Troops who had been fighting in Helles also withdraw soon after.

Chunuk Bair - New Zealand

Chunuk Bair

The Chunuk Bair attack started in August 1915 and was a major attack. The plan which was made by General Sir Ian Hamilton was meant to drive the Turks from the slopes. The attack started on the 6th of August and there were diversion attacks to set the Turks away. The diversion attacks went ahead but when the New Zealanders, the Maori Contingent and the Wellington battalion were ready to attack on the right flank, but the left side never came.

The Indian and British troops had got lost in the darkness and never turned up to fight but the attack went ahead and new Zealanders were able to push up to only 200 metres off the summit. The next day they continued to the top only to find it abandoned and that the Turks had simply moved to higher points. The New Zealanders were still able to hold the point for two days despite heavy fire and it wasn’t until the British troops came to relieve them that Chunuk Bair was lost.

The British troops may not be the only ones to blame. The ground was hard to dig trenches in and they were often just was of sand bags instead of digging. Water was hard to come by and the men were always thirsty from the hot weather and the hill climbing.  Water bottles were also collected from the dead

Perhaps the main reason for the loss was the terrain and the steep slopes of Chunuk Bair. The Turks also had the advantage of knowing the land and using snipers to shoot people down going to and from the beach. The supply lines were also heavily targeted.


After the Chunuk Bair campaign doubts were made in England about General Sir Ian Hamilton and his plan. He wanted more men but people were skeptical. Bad weather ensured the evacuation of the men from Gallipoli.

Chunuk Bair is interesting because it was one of New Zealand’s great successes but one of the many WW1 failures.

G Shock vs Rolex

Watches

Similar Role: Keeping time on your wrist.

G-shock	Compare	Rolex
As long as the battery lasts but these can be replaced. The life of a G-shock is usually less because they endure more harsh conditions than a Rolex watch.	Life Span of Watches	Rolex watches can last forever with proper care. It also depends on the battery or if wind it up. Rolex watches usually last generations.
Plastics, titanium alloys,	Materials	Gold, Aluminium, Bronze, Platinum They also use steel that is resistant and shiny.
Casio G-shock watches are made by machines and handmade. The transportation costs would be higher for G-shocks because they are mass produced.	Energy	All Rolex watches these days are powered by natural movements of the persons’ wrist. The actual watches are handmade and machines are only used to make the tiny parts.
G-shocks are put under hard circumstances and do not last as long as they are thrown through harder conditions. G-shock also sells solar powered watches.	Benefits To Society	The watches typically last longer than G-shocks and go through generations. Rolex watches are powered by the movement of your wrist.

G Shock

The outer casing of most G-shock watches is made of hardened plastic, wrist straps are made of PVC and the clasp and screws is made of stainless steel.

These materials have been used because they are strong and shock resistant. They are also water proof not too expensive.

Rolex

Gold, Aluminium, Bronze, Platinum and other expensive materials are used in Rolex watches.

These materials are used because they represent wealth and value

Both

The purpose of both products is to keep the time. Rolex watches also serve as a symbol for wealth and G-shock watches are made for outdoor experiences and tough and wet terrain.

The design of Rolex watches do look elegant and stylish and can be quite big. The G-shock watches are usually quite thick to with stand shocks given to it.

How Was It Made?

G-shock watches are made in factories in China and Japan.

Rolex watches are hand made by various people in Switzerland.

How was CAD been used?

Rolex watches have complex parks cut for them so computers help with them.

G-shock watches are completely design off computers and 3D models are made of them.

Cost of The Product

Rolex watches cost from about $7000 upwards.

G-shocks cost from about $70 - $500

Is it Safe

Yes both watches are safe.

Where are they sold?

These watches can be purchased from anywhere.

Who would use the product?

Rich People have Rolex watches

Adventurer people have g shock watches.

Finding the speed of light with a microwave - Science Experiment

Reason For Testing:

A reason someone might want to test the speed of light in their home is to make something more interactive and engaging as well as testing science theories themselves. If for some unusual reason the speed of light were to become unstable then you could test it in your kitchen and become a science genius.

Research:

The research involves some key concepts:

What is a wave?

Webster's dictionary defines a wave as "a disturbance or variation that transfers energy progressively from point to point in a medium and that may take the form of a variation of pressure, electric or magnetic intensity, electric potential, or temperature."

What is an electro-magnetic wave?

Electro-magnetic waves are radiation consisting of waves of energy associated with electric and magnetic fields resulting from the acceleration of an electric charge.

There is a range of frequencies in electromagnetic waves from visible light (low frequency) throught to gamma rays (high frequency. Light is only a tiny section of the electromagnetic spectrum. Microwaves have their own spectrum of electromagnetic waves (see Figure 2).

Electromagnetics waves can travel through vacuums (stuff with no matter) which means they don’t need an external medium. This is different to sound waves as sound waves are mechanical waves which means they need water or air to travel through.

For this experiment we need to find the frequency of the microwave because this frequency can be used to calculate the speed of light. If we can find the distance between the waves (the wave length) and figure out how many waves pass every second (frequency), then we can calculate how far light travels every second and therefore we can get an approximate measurement of the speed of light.

Note: Hertz (Hz) and Megahertz (MHz) are  units of measurement for wave frequencies.

Also, frequencies are invertedly proportional to wavelength so long wavelengths have a short frequency and short waves have a high frequency.

To test the speed of light I tested some of the physical properties of waves - wavelength, frequency and interference.

The interference is the electromagnetic waves bouncing off the surface of the edge of the microwave in combination with the new waves that are being created. Some are also lost in the process which also create interference. These lost waves can be heard through my radio which was near the microwave at the time.

The interference can be seen as hotspots and coldspots in the microwave. This is why microwaves have rotating platters, to spread the heat evenly.  Each cold spot (the part of the food that isn’t cooked) is equal to half a wavelength (see Figure 1 for more details). If we take out the rotating platter we can find the hot spots and therefore find the wavelength

We can find the size of the wave length by finding the distance between the uncooked portions of the food (Figure 1).  If we multiply that by two we get the full wave length of the microwave.

We have to cook the food just right so that some bits have solidify. The egg white will cook fastest in the hot areas (See Figure 1).

I will be testing egg whites in the microwave as these are relatively easy to identify the wavelength of this material.

 Figure 1

Microwave

Frequency x Wavelength (metres) = Speed Of Wave

Aim:

To find the speed of light

To use equipment found at home to measure the speed of light.

 Hypothesis:

If light is one form of electro-magnetic radiation and microwaves produce electro-magnetic radiation, then we should be able to measure the speed of light approximately using a microwave.

Equipment:

●        Microwave

●        Eggs (egg white) 3 - 6

●        Plate

●        Ruler

●        Calculator

Safety:

●        Oven Mitts

Information:

●        Frequency

Method:

 1. Find frequency of microwave oven

Mine was 2450MHz which seems to be a standard for microwave ovens but they do vary.

2. Remove rotating platter from microwave.

This is to stop heat from spreading evenly which would cancel out hot spots.

3.  Crack an egg and pour the egg whites in the middle of the plate.

Egg white shows the wavelengths well. Alternatively you can use bread with butter or chocolate to test as well.

4. Place plate in center of oven.

5. Cook materials.

30 seconds in the microwave seems to show the hotspots well.

6. Measure the space between the cooked and uncooked material to find the wave length.

The uncooked space in between is equal to half a wavelength.

7. Test multiple times.

8. Record results.

Calculate:

9. Frequency (MHz) x Wave Length = Speed Of Light

Results:

Eggs Test	Average Length 1/2 Wave (cm)	Speed of Light  (m/s)	Accuracy
Test 1	6.25	306250000	97.89%
Test 2	6	294000000	98.07%
Test 3	5.75	281750000	93.98%
Average Result From Tests (m / s)	6	294000000	98.07%
Actual Speed Of Light m / s	6.11821345cm	299792458	100%

M/s= metres per second

 Calculations:

Discussion:

●      I think that this experiment was a fair test.

Some of the difficulties I encountered arose in measuring the wavelength accurately with a ruler. This could affect the results a lot because small changes in measurement are big when multiplied by 2450 MHz.

I felt that after three tests I didn’t need to do any more. I was getting effectively the same results every time and as it turned out the measurements were quite accurate.  I averaged the results to obtain a measurement.

Conclusion:

I consider like my hypothesis was correct. The average result/calculations was only off by about 1.93% which is very close considering I used household items and products to obtain a measurement of the speed of light.

If you were to get more accurate with your measurement then you could probably measure the speed of light better - marginal differences have big effects. This project is good because it shows us that things in the home that surround us can be used to measure the speed of light.

Bibliography:

(2008, October 5). Measuring the speed of light with chocolate and a microwave oven. Morning Coffee Physics. Retrieved from http://morningcoffeephysics.com/measuring-the-speed-of-light-with-chocolate-and-a-microwave-oven/

Measure the speed of light with a chocolate bar [Video]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9O2Keu6o3i0

Olson, A., & Hood N. (2007, November/December). Measuring the Speed of 'Light' with a Microwave Oven. Measuring the Speed of 'Light' with a Microwave Oven. Retrieved June 2, 2012, from http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Phys_p056.shtml

Smith, C. (Director). (2009, September). Measuring the speed of light with a microwave [Video]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cH9uHjJuANI

Tran, T. (2009). Guide to science fair. NIWA Wellington Regional Science & Technology Fair. Retrieved from http://www.sciencefair.org.nz/files/A%20Student%20Guide%20to%20the%20Science%20Fair1%20V3.pdf